10 Fascinating, Little-Known Moth Facts

Moths arent just the dull brown cousins of our beloved butterflies. They come in all shapes, sizes, and colors. Before you dismiss them as boring, check out these 10 fascinating facts about moths.   1. Moths Outnumber Butterflies by a 9 to 1 Ratio Butterflies and moths belong to the same order,  Lepidoptera.  Over 90% of known Leps (as entomologists often call them) are moths, not butterflies. Scientists have already discovered and described well over 135,000 different species of moths. Moth experts estimate there are at least 100,000 more moths still undiscovered, and some think moths actually number half a million species. So why do a few butterflies get all the attention? 2. Most Moths Are Nocturnal, but Many Fly During the Day We tend to think of moths as creatures of the night, but this isnt always the case. Some moths are quite active during daylight hours. Theyre often mistaken for butterflies, bees, or even hummingbirds. The clearwing moths, some of which mimic wasps or bees, visit flowers for nectar during the day. Other diurnal moths include some tiger moths, lichen moths, wasp moths, and owlet moths.   3. Moths Come in All Sizes Some moths are so small theyre referred to as micromoths. Generally, moth families in which the member species measure just a centimeter or two are considered micromoths. But a still undescribed species collected in Africa is likely the smallest moth of all, with a wingspan of just 2 mm. At the other end of the moth spectrum is the white witch moth (Thysania aggrippina), a neotropical species with a wingspan that reaches up to 28 cm, or the size of a dinner plate. 4. Male Moths Have a Remarkable  Sense of Smell Keep in mind that moths dont have noses, of course. An insects sense of smell is essentially its ability to detect chemical cues in the environment, called chemoreception. Moths smell these cues with highly sensitive receptors on their antennae. And male moths are the champions of chemoreception, thanks to feathery antennae with lots of surface area to grab those molecules from the air and give them a sniff. Female moths use sex attractant pheromones to invite potential mates to mingle. Silk moth males seem to have the strongest sense of smell of all and can follow a whiff of female pheromones for miles. A male promethea moth holds the record for tracking a scent through the air. He flew an astounding 23 miles in the hope of mating with the girl of his dreams and was likely disappointed when he realized hed been tricked by a scientist with a pheromone trap. 5. Some Moths Are Important Pollinators We dont often think of moths as pollinators, perhaps because we arent outside in the dark watching them work. While butterflies get all the credit, there are plenty of moths moving pollen from flower to flower, including geometer moths, owlet moths, and sphinx moths. Yucca plants require the help of yucca moths to cross-pollinate their flowers, and each yucca plant species has its own moth partner. The yucca moths have special tentacles with which they can scrape and gather pollen from yucca blossoms. Charles Darwin famously predicted that orchids with exceptionally long nectaries were pollinated by insects with equally long proboscises. Though ridiculed for his hypothesis at the time, he was later vindicated when scientists discovered the Madagascan sphinx moth, an orchid-pollinating species with a 30 cm proboscis. 6. Some Moths Do Not Have Mouths Some moths dont waste time once they reach adulthood. They emerge from their cocoons ready to mate, and content to die soon afterward. Since they wont be around for very long, they can get by on the energy they stored as caterpillars. If you dont plan on eating, theres really no point in developing a fully-functioning mouth. Probably the best-known example of a mouthless moth is the luna moth, a stunning species that lives just a few days as an adult. 7. Not All Moths Eat, but They Are Often Eaten Moths and their caterpillars make up a lot of biomass in the ecosystems where they live. And they arent just empty calories, either. Moths and caterpillars are rich in protein. All kinds of animals feed on moths and caterpillars: birds, bats, frogs, lizards, small mammals, and in some parts of the word, even people! 8. Moths Use All Kinds of Tricks to Avoid Being Eaten When everything in your world is intent on eating you, youve got to get a little creative to stay alive. Moths employ all kinds of interesting tricks to avoid predation. Some are masterful mimics, such as caterpillars that look like twigs and adult moths that blend in with tree bark. Others use startle markings, like the underwing moths that flash brightly colored hindwings to distract pursuing predators. Tiger moths produce ultrasonic clicking sounds that confuse sonar-guided bats. 9. Some Moths Migrate Everyone loves migrating butterflies, like the famous long-distance flights of the North American monarchs. But nobody gives props to the many moths that also migrate, perhaps because they tend to fly at night. Moths tend to migrate for practical reasons, like to find a better food supply, or to avoid uncomfortably hot and dry weather. Black cutworm moths spend their winters on the Gulf Coast but migrate north in the spring (like some senior citizens). Olympic trivia buffs may remember the hordes of migrating Bogong moths that pestered athletes during the 2000 Sydney Olympics. 10. Moths Are Attracted to Light Bulbs, Bananas, and Beer If the previous 9 facts convinced you that moths are pretty cool insects, you might be interested in attracting moths so you can see them for yourself. Moth enthusiasts use a few tricks to lure moths closer. First, many moths will come to lights at night, so you can start by observing the moths that visit your porch light. To see a greater diversity of the moths in your area, try using a black light and a collecting sheet, or even a mercury vapor light. Some moths might not come to lights but cant resist a mixture of fermenting sweets. You can mix up a special moth-attracting recipe using ripe bananas, molasses, and stale beer. Paint the mixture on a few tree trunks and see who comes for a taste. Sources: Australias Bogong moth invasion turns even yawning into a potential health hazard, The Independent. November 4, 2013.Capinera, John L. Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2nd edition.Corcoran, A.J., Barber, J. R., and Conner, W. E. Tiger moth jams bat sonar. Science. July 17, 2009.Cranshaw, Whitney and Redak, Richard. Bugs Rule! An Introduction to the World of Insects.Kritsky, Gene. Darwins Madagascan hawk moth prediction. American Entomologist, Volume 37, 1991.Largest Lepidopteran Wing Span, University of Florida Book of Insect Records, April 17, 1998.  Moisset, Beatriz. Yucca Moths (Tegeticula sp.). US Forest Service website.Smallest Moth in the World?, UC David Department of Entomology and Nematology website, June 29, 2012.Status of Pollinators in North America, by Committee on the Status of Pollinators in North America, 2007.Waldbauer, Gilbert. The Handy Bug Answer Book.

EDPM CSEC - 15093 Words

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL Caribbean Secondary Education Certificate ® CSEC  ® ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT PREPARATION AND MANAGEMENT SYLLABUS Effective for examinations from May-June 2014 CXC 34/G/SYLL 12 Published by the Caribbean Examinations Council All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior permission of the author or publisher. Correspondence related to the syllabus should be addressed to: The Pro-Registrar Caribbean Examinations Council Caenwood Centre 37 Arnold Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica Telephone Number: +1 (876) 630-5200 Facsimile Number: +1 (876) 967-4972 E-mail Address:†¦show more content†¦31 GLOSSARY ......................................................................................................................................... 34 CXC 34/G/SYLL 12 Electronic Document Preparation and Management Syllabus â™ ¦ RATIONALE Computerisation has revolutionised the way documents are created, stored and transmitted. It has facilitated greater efficiency and more innovative ways of sharing information. The computer continues to be an indispensable tool in the world of work. The ability to use the computer provides essential skills for prospective employees in the fields of data preparation and data management. Students seeking opportunities in the world of work or pursuing further studies must develop competence and proficiency in the use of computers and related electronic hardware devices. The Electronic Document Preparation and Management (EDPM) syllabus is designed to equip students with knowledge and computer-related skills required to enhance the performance of clerical and administrative tasks. The syllabus seeks to instil tenets of the Ideal Caribbean Person as articulated by the CARICOM Caribbean Education Task Force (CTF) and adopted by the CARICOM Heads of Government at their 18th Summit. To this end the syllabus contains objectives and content intended to foster disciplined and ethical behaviours within the work environment. In addition, the syllabus conforms to UNESCO’s Pillars of Learning and aims to promote varied approaches to

Hollywood Undead free essay sample

Hollywood Undead Hollywood Undead consists of seven members. Their names are, Charlie Scene, Johnny 3 Tears, J-Dog, Da Kurlzz, Deuce AKA The Producer and Funny Man. The music they produce falls into the category of rock and rap. Some of their popular songs they made includes undead and no.5. You would find these songs on their CD Swan songs made in 2008. Some of my opinions and feelings on their lyrics is that their lyrics have a lot of swearing and emotion. The emotion that goes on is meaningful. Because it talks about gangs and other things that go on in their lives. The instruments they use are a lot of voices and electronic beats. This makes it good because they have some sweet beats that make their songs really fun to listen to. I like this band very much because of their beats. This band started off as a myspace band but soon became a hit to a lot of people. We will write a custom essay sample on Hollywood Undead or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the first nine weeks they had almost a million plays and by 2006 they were leading all other mayspace unsigned artist by 8 million plays. In 2008 they had over 440,000 friends on myspace. I would recommend this to anyone who listens to rock and rap or likes them morphed together because if you like other rap/rock songs that seem similar to them then you may like this band too. If you do end up liking this band then spread it around that Hollywood Undead is the best band ever! I would rate this band a 4.5/5.

A Minute to Win It free essay sample

The ECHO cafe serves organic healthful foods, juices and coffee, and showcases handicrafts and products made from recyclable and sustainable materials from marginalized communities. ECHOstore gondola is a compact version of the cafe placed in hotels and airports. Lastly, the ECHOteach provides services that teach the community a sustainable livelihood. They are selling their products and providing their services to the A market, those who have disposable income and aware of social responsibility. Also, they’re planning to have an expansion to malls and other countries and will have an innovative distribution of their products through â€Å"ECHO on WHEELS†. The business concept of ECHOstore is two thumbs up; market integration and innovation at the same time. They’re helping the community in many ways; they find a partner community that makes their ecofriendly, cultural and artisanal hand-made products, promotes organic products through selling organic foods and drinks, and promotes social responsibility by allowing the consumers on choosing products that are environmental friendly than those that aren’t. We will write a custom essay sample on A Minute to Win It or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is a great idea to combine services that gives the community sustainable livelihood programs, selling of organic food, cosmetics and handicrafts made out of recyclable materials, and holding activities such as lectures and seminars on sustainable living, climate change, health and wellness, and business ideas for the customers and the community as well. Pacita Juan and her business have created a good relationship among the community and the consumers. The business gives job opportunities for the community and promotes their outputs, and they gain through consumers patronizing their products. The community gains knowledge and job opportunity from the ECHOstore and gives the consumers quality and ecofriendly products. The consumers gain awareness from the ECHOstore and gives back to them and the community thru patronizing the products. Choosing the A market or the people from upper-middle class to the upper class as their market was exactly the right thing to do. These consumers have enough money to purchase their product and could be more interested compared to the lower class in terms of doing social responsibility. The pitch that Pacita Juan delivered is an excellent example of an elevator pitch. It is short but the important details are there, its aim or goal was clear. The way she delivered the message made me say â€Å"it would be great if we meet and talk more about your business†. For improvements, I think there are three points that should be focused on. First, they should pursue and develop the idea of â€Å"ECHO on WHEELS†. In this, they can reach those places that they haven’t reached yet or expanded yet. It is better to go to the probable consumers than wait for them to come to your business. Second point would be ECHOstores should also produce products and services that the lower-middle class and possibly lower class can avail or afford. This is for the reason of promoting a better and sustainable environment, which is one of Pacita’s aims in the pitch. Lastly, expand the business in University and College campuses. Why? At this age, they are mature and responsible enough to understand the importance of the ECHOstore’s advocacy and actions. These are also the type of market where consumers spend their money or allowance on less practical things unlike those in the working class. On the other hand, there are also points for improvement in the business pitch of Pacita Juan. She could add some pictures of the services the business offers, the community they have been helping, and other regular activities that happens on the ECHOstore, gondola, and ECHOteach . Also, some statistics of how her business helped their partner community, in terms of income, way of living, and sustainability.

Info Overload

Info Overload Seth Godin, a management guru youve probably noticed I enjoy reading, recently spoke about how were enduring cognitive overload. Too many choices. I wholeheartedly agree which is why I recently withdrew from three professional organizations. I also canceled a cruise to the Baltics. What started as the trip of a lifetime turned into chaos. Too many choices. Charters, places to visit in each port, too many ports, meal selections, a long list of chores to take care of before leaving. . . I was exhausted and hadnt left home. Then when the tour agent threw an unforeseen choice at me, one that would take a few more dollars, I canceled. Surprised her. She found all these choices fun. To me, however, they threw a burden on the whole experience that was meant to epitomize relaxation. Turned into anything but. Publishing is like that. Marketing is like that. And if you let it, writing can be like that if you cannot decide what project to focus on. What do you want to do with your writing? Not sure? Talk to writers. Go to a conference. Give yourself a month or two to read everything you can get your hands on. Then shut it off and make your plan. Once you design a path, quit letting more ideas filtrate in that will only make you second guess yourself. Everyone has a better way. Better ways are endless. The nature of humans is to develop a better or easier way to accomplish something. The cycle never stops. Your job is to choose a path, develop the plan to the best of your ability, and follow it. If you follow every piece of new advice out there, youll spin in circles forever.

London is now a more global city than New York Essay

London is now a more global city than New York - Essay Example The criteria used for identification is usually based on a yardstick value which considers the producer service sector or the imminent determination which basically compares the productivity of the cities. There are a number of global cities in the world including London and New York.Economic characteristics of a global city†¢ A global city serves as the corporate headquarter for multinational corporations, financial institutions, stock exchanges, law firms and conglomerates that influence the economy of the world as a whole.London offers major business and financial services for example; it is home to more than 33% of European headquarters of Global Fortune 500.†¢ To be a global city, it should also be able to contribute some considerable financial output to the city’s regions and the nation’s GDP†¢ A global city needs to appear at the top of the cost of living.†¢ It should be home to major stock markets.More than 40% of the world's foreign equities and shares are traded in London, more than are traded in New York.Over 30% of the world's foreign exchanges take place in London, which is more than Tokyo and New York put together. New York, same to Tokyo rely mainly on their large American and Asian domestic markets while around 80% of London’s business is international.  Political characteristics†¢ London, Berlin, Tokyo, Paris among others, feature among the cities that have achieved this. New York is not among them. The standards of living or the quality of life should be considerably high.

Motivations For Attendance At Notting Hill Festival Literature review

Motivations For Attendance At Notting Hill Festival - Literature review Example The Notting Hill carnival has been taking place on the last weekend of August each year since 1965. The carnival has become a major London and national event with over a million people attending each year. The carnival began as a way to address hate crime as well as race riots that took place in 1958. Since then, the carnival continues to be an anti-hate crime event endorsing racial harmony and the celebration of differences. The event not only brings together the black community but also tourists and Londoners alike in the biggest street festival in Europe. This study will seek to understand the fundamental magnitudes of motivations for attending the famous Notting Hill Carnival. The study will also try to discover why visitors’ numbers have decreased over the last six years of the Notting Hill Carnival. Finally, the study will analyse whether overcrowding and disruptive behavior has an effect on visitation. This research is important because it will bring awareness and critical understanding for the reason behind tourists or individuals attending the famous ‘hallmark event’; Notting Hill Carnival. Hallmark events is said to be an event that occurs in a town, city or region each year, on a specific date or around a specific time. For instance, Notting Hill Carnival occurs every year on the August bank holiday Sunday and Monday. Richie (1984, p. 2) defines hallmark events as: Major one-time or recurring events of limited duration, developed primarily to enhance awareness, appeal and profitability of a tourism destinat ion in the short term and/or long term. Such events rely for their success on uniqueness, status, or timely significance to create interest and attract attention. Notting Hill is a prime example of a well-known Hallmark event, which is why the study focuses on the key motivational factors for tourists attending the yearly event as well as importance of continuous attendance at the event. 1.2 Why Recent research has focused on visitor motivation and they experience they seek within music festival (Pegg & Patterson, 2010, p. 86). Consequently, not many studies have